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Thomas Jefferson University - Satish C. Rattan
Satish C. Rattan

Medicine
Thomas Jefferson University
Jefferson Medical College
Department of Medicine
Professor

Mailing Address
1025 Walnut Street, Room 901 College
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
United States
Contact Information
Phone: (215) 955-5614
Satish.Rattan@jefferson.edu
Qualifications
Education
D.V.M., Punjab Agricultural University, Hissar, India, 1968
M.S., Pharmacology, University of Houston, TX, 1970

Research Training
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 1972-73
University of Texas, South Western Medical School, Dallas, TX, 1973-78

Positions
Asst. Professor, Univ. of Texas Health Sc. Ctr., San Antonio, TX, 1978-81
Asst. Professor, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 1981-87
Assoc. Professor, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 1988-89
Professor, Medicine, Thomas Jefferson Univ., Philadelphia, PA, 1989-

Honors and Awards
Merit Scholarship, Punjab Agricultural Univ., Hissar, India, 1964-68
Janssen Award, for Basic Research in Gastroenterology, 1997
Council of Indian Organizations Award for Prof. & Acad. Excellence, 2006

Editorial Board
Associate Editor GASTROENTEROLOGY, 1986-89
American Journal of Physiology, 1992-98
Journal of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, 1992-99

Other Experience and Professional Services
Teaching Physiology/Pharmacology to Medical Students, 1978-2002
Chief Org. and Director of Am. Motility Society Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, 1998
Member Appoint. and Promot. Committee, Thomas Jefferson Univ., 2000-
Member Inst. Animal Care & Use Committee, Thomas Jefferson Univ., 2004-
Member, NIH Study Section, 2003
Expertise and Research Interests
Dr. Rattan is internationally recognized as an outstanding educator and researcher. He is frequently invited as a visiting Professor. Dr. Rattan has received multiple National and International awards in research and teaching.

In 1997, he received a prestigious Janssen Award for his outstanding basic research in Gastroenterology.

In 2006, he was honored by the Council of Indian Organizations as an outstanding professional.

Dr. Rattan''s research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health.

He has been an Associate Editor of GASTROENTEROLOGY, on editorial board of, and a reviewer for a number of prestigious journals.

Research Interest: Disorders of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) underlie many clinical abnormalities, such as fecal incontinence and constipation, hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Such disorders are of particular importance in the growing population of the elderly. The focus of Dr. Rattan''s research has been on: 1. the nature and role of inhibitory neurotransmitters and mediators; 2. the neural pathways in the rectoanal inhibitory reflex; and 3. the molecular bases underlying myogenic tone in the IAS. Using IAS as the model of tonic smooth muscles, Dr. Rattan''s basic studies have provided major advances in the field of of molecular biology of the smooth muscle. The concepts learnt from his studies are directly applicable in a number of organs in the body. Dr. Rattan''s sudies provide important information on the pathophysiology and therapeutic development of anorectal disorders.
Keywords
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders; Internal Anal Sphincter; Neurohumoral Control; Immunocytochemistry; Confocal Microscopy; Nonadrenergic Noncholinergic Neurons; Smooth Muscle Tone and Relaxation; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Carbon Monoxide; Heme Oxygenase; Protein Kinase C; RhoA/Rho Kinase; Receptor Binding; Tissue Cell Culture; Renin-Angiotensin-System; Prostanoids
Languages
English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu
Publications
  • The following is only the partial list from 140 peer-reviewed publcations in the prestigeous journals, and are frequently cited in the litearture.

  • 1. Rattan S, Patel CA. Selectivity of Rho kinase inhibitors in the spontaneously tonic smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2008; 294: G687-G693.

  • 2. Rattan S. Sympathetic (adrenergic) innervation modulates but does not generate basal tone in the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. Gastroenterology 2008; 134: 2179-2181.

  • 3. Zhang K, Aruva MR, Shanthly N, Cardi CA, Rattan S, Patel C, Kim C, McCue PA, Wickstrom E, and Thakur ML. PET imaging of VPAC1 expression in experimental and spontaneous prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med. 2008; 107: 112-121.

  • 4. Zhang K, Aruva MR, Shanthly N, Cardi C, Patel CA, Rattan S, Gregory C, Wickstrom E, Thakur ML. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) receptor specific peptide analogues for PET imaging of breast cancer: In vitro/in vivo evaluation. Regul Pept 2007; 144: 91-100.

  • 5. De Godoy MAF, Rattan S. Role of phosphalipase A2 (Group 1 secreted) in the genesis of basal tone in the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2007; 291: G979-G986.

  • 6. De Godoy MAF, Patel CA, Waldman SA, Katsuki M, Regan RF, Rattan S. H-ras inhibits RhoA/ROK leading to decrease in the basal tone in the internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 1401-1409.

  • 7. Patel CA, Rattan S. Cellular regulation of basal tone in internal anal sphincter smooth muscle by RhoA/ROCK Am J Physiol 2007; 292 G1747-G1756.

  • 8. Patel CA, Rattan S. RhoA prenylation inhibitor produces relaxation of tonic smooth muscle of internal anal sphincter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 321: 501-508.

  • 9. Murthy KS, Rattan S. Signaling by Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle: Invited Review Article for the Peptide Book. 2006.

  • 10. Rattan S, De Godoy MAF, Patel CA. Rho kinase as a novel molecular therapeutic target for hypertensive internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 2006; 139: 108-116.

  • 11. De Godoy MAF, Rattan S. Angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II receptor subtype 1 inhibitors restitute hypertensive internal anal sphincter in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 318: 725-734.

  • 12. Patel CA, Rattan S. Spontaneously tonic smooth muscle has characteristically higher levels of RhoA/ROK compared with the phasic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 2006; 291: G830-G837.

  • 13. De Godoy MAF, Rattan S. Translocation of AT1- and AT2-receptors by higher concentrations of angiotensin II in the smooth muscle cells of rat internal anal sphincter. . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 319: 1088-1095.

  • 14. Rattan S. The internal anal sphincter: regulation of smooth muscle tone and relaxation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2005; 17: 50-59.

  • 15. De Godoy MAF, Rattan S. Autocrine regulation of internal anal sphincter tone by renin-angiotensin system: comparison with phasic smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2005; 289: G1164-G1175.

  • 16. Rattan S, Regan RF, Patel CA, De Godoy MAF. Nitric oxide not carbon monoxide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxation in the murine internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 1954-1966.

  • 17. Li F, De Godoy M, Rattan S. Role of adenylate and guanylate cyclases in b1-, b2-, and b3-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of rat internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 308: 1111-1120.

  • 18. Said S, Rattan S. The multiple mediators of neurogenic smooth muscle relaxation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2004; 15: 189-191.

  • 19. De Godoy M, Dunn S, Rattan S. Evidence for the role of angiotensin II biosynthesis in the rat internal anal sphincter tone. Gastroenterology 2004; 127: 127-138.

  • 20. Thakur ML, Aruva MR, Gariepy J, P Acton, S Rattan, E Wickstrom, and A Alavi. PET imaging of oncogene overexpression using 64Cu-vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) analog: comparison with 99mTc-VIP analog. J Nucl Med August, 2004.

  • 21. Rattan S, Al Haj R, De Godoy MAF. Mechanism of internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation by CORM-1, authentic CO, and NANC nerve stimulation. Am J Physiol 2004; 287: G605-G611.

  • 22. De Godoy MAF, de Oliveira AM, Rattan S. Angiotensin II-induced relaxation of anococcygeus smooth muscle via desensitization of AT1 receptor, and activation of AT2 receptor associated with nitric-oxide synthase pathway. J Pharmacol Ther 2004; 311: 394-401.

  • 23. Heyt GJ, Oh MK, Alemzadeh A, Rivera S, Jimenez SA, Rattan S, Cohen S, DiMarino AJ, Jr. Impaired rectoanal inhibitory response in systemic sclerosis: an association with fecal incontinence. Am J Gastro 2004; 49: 1040-1045.

  • 24. Sumiyoshi H, Mor N, Sui YL, Henderson S, Tanaka S, Yoshioka H, Rattan S, Ramirez F. Esophageal muscle physiology and morphogenesis require assembly of a collagen XIX-rich basement membrane zone. J. Cell Biol 2004; 166: 591-600.

  • 25. Li F, De Godoy M, Rattan S. Role of adenylate and guanylate cyclases in beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of rat internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 308: 1111-1120.

  • 26. Rathi S, Kazerounian S, Banwait K, Schulz S, Waldman S, Rattan S. Functional and molecular characterization of b-adrenoceptors in the internal anal sphincter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 305: 615-624.

  • 27. Sarma DNK, Banwait K, Basak A, DiMarino AJ, Rattan S. Inhibitory effect of b3-adrenoceptor agonist in lower esophageal sphincter smooth muscle: in vitro studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 304: 48-55.

  • 28. Rattan S, Puri RN, Fan YP. Involvement of rho and rho-associated kinase in sphincteric smooth muscle contraction by angiotensin II. Exp Biol Med 2003; 228: 972-981.

  • 29. Banwait KS, Rattan S. Role of nitric oxide in b3-adrenoceptor activation on basal tone of internal anal sphincter. Am J Physiol 2003; 285: G545-G555.

  • 30. DiMarino M, Rattan S. Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Resident & Staff Physician 2003; 49: 12-16.

  • 31. Rattan S, Fan YP, Puri, RN. Comparison of angiotensin II (Ang II) effects in the internal anal sphincter and lower esophageal sphincter smooth muscles. Life Sciences 2002; 70: 2147-2164.

  • 32. Fan YP, Puri RN, Rattan S. Animal model for angiotensin II effects in the internal anal sphincter (IAS) smooth muscle: mechanism of action. Am J Physiol 2002; 282: G461-469.

  • 33. Puri RN, Fan YP, Rattan S. Role of pp60c-src and p44/42 MAP kinases in Ang II-induced contraction of tonic gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Am J Physiol 2002; 283: G390-G399.

  • 34. DiMarino M, Banwait K, Rattan S, Cohen S, DiMarino AJ. b3 Adrenergic Stimulation Inhibits the Opossum Lower Esophageal Sphincter. Gastroenterology 2002; 123: 1508-1515.

  • 35. Fan YP, Chakder S, Rattan S. Inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthase involvement in lipopolysaccharide-induced sphincteric dysfunction. Am J Physiol 2001; 280: G32-G42.

  • 36. Chakder S, Sarma DNK, Rattan S. Mechanism of internal anal sphincter smooth muscle relaxation by phorbol 12,13 dibutyrate. Am J Physiol 2001; 280: G1341-G1350.

  • 37. Battish R, Gao-Yuan C, Lynn RB, Chakder S, Rattan S. Heme oxygenase-2 distribution in anorectum: colocalization with neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Am J Physiol 2000; 278: G148-G155.

  • 38. Chakder S, Cao G-Y, Lynn RB, Rattan S. Heme oxygenase activity in the internal anal sphincter: Effects of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerve stimulation. Gastroenterology 2000; 118: 477-486.

  • 39. Rattan S, Chakder S. Influence of heme oxygenase inhibitors on the basal tissue enzymatic activity and smooth muscle relaxation of internal anal sphincter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 294: 1009-1016.

  • 40. Pallela VR, Thakur ML, Chakder S, Rattan S. 99mTc-labeled vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor agonist: Functional studies. J Nucl Med 1999; 40: 352-360.

  • 41. Chakder S, Rattan S. Mechanisms and sites of action of endothelins 1 and 2 on the opossum internal anal sphincter smooth muscle tone in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 288: 239-246.

  • 42. Rattan S, Fan YP, Chakder S. Mechanism of inhibition of VIP-induced LES relaxation by heme oxygenase inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX. Am J Physiol 1999; 276: G138-G145.

  • 43. Fan YP, Chakder S, Rattan S. Mechanism of action of cholera toxin on the opossum internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 1999; 277: G152-G160.

  • 44. Baggio R, Emig FA, Christianson DW, Ash D, Chakder S, Rattan S. Biochemical and functional profile of a newly developed potent and isozyme-selective arginase inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 290: 1409-1417.

  • 45. Fan YP, Chakder S, Rattan S. Inhibitory effect of zinc protoporphyrin IX on lower esophageal sphincter smooth muscle relaxation by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and other receptor agonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998; 285: 468-474.

  • 46. Rattan S, Chakder S. Sites of actions of contractile and relaxant effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) in the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998; 865: 503-511.

  • 47. Chakder S, Rattan S. Involvement of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide in opossum internal anal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: G769-G777.

  • 48. Rattan S, Chakder S. L-citrulline recycling in opossum internal anal sphincter relaxation by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerve stimulation. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1250-1259.

  • 49. Chakder S, Rattan S. Inhibitory neurotransmission in lethal spotted mice: A model for Hirschsprung''s disease. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1575-1585.

  • 50. Chakder S, Rattan S. L-arginine deficiency causes suppression of nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerve-mediated smooth muscle relaxation: Role of L-citrulline recycling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 282: 378-384.

  • 51. Bandyopadhyay A, Chakder S, Rattan S. Regulation of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases gene expression by interferon-g and VIP. Am J Physiol 1997; 272: C1790-C1797.

  • 52. Chakder S, Bandyopadhyay A, Rattan S. Neuronal NOS gene expression in gastrointestinal myenteric neurons and smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 1997; 273: C1868-C1875.

  • 53. Rattan S, Chakder S. Excitatory and inhibitory actions of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) in the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle: Sites of actions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 283: 722-728.

  • 54. Chakder S, Rattan S. Evidence for VIP-induced increase in NO production in myenteric neurons of opossum internal anal sphincter. Am J Physiol 1996; 270: G492-G497.

  • 55. Chakder S, Rathi S, Ma X, Rattan S. Heme oxygenase inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX causes an activation of nitric oxide synthase in the rabbit internal anal sphincter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996; 277: 1376-1382.

  • 56. Chakder S, Rosenthal G, Rattan S. In vivo and in vitro influence of human recombinant hemoglobin on esophageal function. Am J Physiol 1995; 268: G443-G450.

  • 57. Chakder S, Rattan S. Distribution of VIP binding sites in opossum internal anal sphincter circular smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 272: 385-391.

  • 58. Lynn RB, Sankey S, Chakder S, Rattan S. Colocalization of NADPH-diaphorase staining and VIP immunoreactivity in opossum internal anal sphincter neurons. J Dig Dis Sci 1995; 40: 781-791.

  • 59. Rattan S, Chakder S. Human recombinant hemoglobin (rHb1.1) inhibits nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) nerve-mediated relaxation of internal anal sphincter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 272: 1211-1216.

  • 60. Liddell R, McHugh K, Chakder S, Rattan S. Differential isoactin gene expression in the sphincteric and nonsphincteric smooth muscles of the opossum. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994; 205: 321-326.

  • 61. Bandyopadhyay A, Chakder S, Lynn RB, Rattan S. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide gene expression is characteristically higher in opossum gastrointestinal sphincters. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 1467-1476.

  • 62. Shibamoto T, Chakder S, Rattan S. Role of hypogastric nerve activity in opossum internal anal sphincter: Influence of surgical and chemical denervation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 271: 277-284.

  • 63. Chakder S, Rattan S. Release of nitric oxide by activation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic neurons of internal anal sphincter. Am J Physiol 1993; 264:G7-G12.

  • 64. Chakder S, Rattan S. Involvement of cAMP and cGMP in relaxation of internal anal sphincter by neural stimulation, VIP and NO. Am J Physiol 1993; 264: G702-G707.

  • 65. Chakder S, Rattan S. The entire vasoactive intestinal polypeptide molecule is required for the activation of the VIP receptor: Functional and binding studies on opossum internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993; 266: 392-399.

  • 66. Rattan S, Thatikunta P. Role of nitric oxide in sympathetic neurotransmission in opossum internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1993; 105:827-836.

  • 67. Rattan S, Chakder S. Inhibitory effect of CO on internal anal sphincter: heme oxygenase inhibitor inhibits NANC relaxation. Am J Physiol 1993; 265: G799-G804.

  • 68. Thatikunta P, Chakder S, Rattan S. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitor inhibits catecholamines release by hypogastric sympathetic nerve stimulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993; 267: 1363-1368.

  • 69. Rattan S, Chakder S. Role of nitric oxide as a mediator of internal anal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol 1992; 262:G107-G112.

  • 70. Eng J, Yu J, Rattan S, Yalow RS. Isolation and amino acid sequences of Opossum vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and cholecystokinin octapeptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA. 1992; 89:1809-1811.

  • 71. Chakder S, Rattan S. Neurally mediated relaxation of opossum internal anal sphincter: influence of superoxide anion generator and the scavenger. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992; 260:1113-1118.

  • 72. Rattan S, Sarkar A, Chakder S. Nitric oxide pathway in rectoanal inhibitory reflex of opossum internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1992; 103:43-50.

  • 73. Rattan S, Moummi C, Chakder S. CGRP and ANF cause relaxation of opossum internal anal sphincter via different mechanisms. Am J Physiol 1991; 260:G764-G769.

  • 74. Chakder S, Rattan S. Effects of galanin on the opossum internal anal sphincter: structure-activity relationship. Gastroenterology 1991; 100:711-718.

  • 75. Chakder S, Rattan S. Antagonism of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) by human CGRP-(8-37): role of CGRP in internal anal sphincter relaxation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1991; 256:1019-1024.

  • 76. Nurko S, Rattan S. Role of neuropeptide Y in opossum internal anal sphincter. Am J Physiol 1990; 258:G59-G64.

  • 77. Yamato S, Rattan S. Role of alpha adrenoceptors in opossum internal anal sphincter. J Clin Invest 1990; 86:424-429.

  • 78. Chakder S, Rattan S. [Tyro]-calcitonin gene-related peptide 28-37 (rat) as a putative antagonist of calcitonin gene-related peptide responses on opossum internal anal sphincter smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253:200-206.

  • 79. Shinomura Y, Eng J, Rattan S, Yalow RS. Opossum (Didelphis Virginiana) "little" and "big" gastrins. Comp Biochem Physiol 1990; 96B:239-242.

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