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1015 Walnut Street (215) 955-2093 |
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Research and Clinical Interests 1. Signaling events downstream of Ca2+. In recent studies, we were the first to identify CalDAG-GEFI as a signaling molecule critical to Ca2+-dependent integrin activation in platelets and neutrophils. Our studies further demonstrated that CalDAG-GEFI synergizes with protein kinase C (PKC) in the regulation of various aspects of platelet activation, including integrin activation and the generation of autocrine agonists such as thromboxane A2 and ADP. Consequently, mice lacking CalDAG-GEFI were characterized by a markedly impaired hemostatic and inflammatory response. We use various molecular, biochemical, and cellular strategies to better understand how CalDAG-GEFI function is regulated by Ca2+ and how it links Ca2+ to a range of responses triggered by cellular activation. We are currently also screening for small molecule inhibitors that could be used to interfere with CalDAG-GEFI function in the clinical settings of thrombosis and inflammation. 2. Molecules regulating Ca2+ influx in platelets and neutrophils. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration of many non-excitable cells is regulated by Ca2+ store release and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We and others have recently identified STIM1 and Orai1 as critical regulators of SOCE in platelets. While STIM1 serves as a Ca2+ sensor in the endo-/sarco-plasmatic reticulum, Orai1 is the major Ca2+ channel expressed in the plasma membrane. In future studies, we hope to better understand how impaired STIM1/Orai1 function affects platelet function, especially with regard to responses regulated by CalDAG-GEFI. 3. Calcium signaling and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Myocardial Infarction (MI) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) are a national health concern, with over a million deaths per year. Reperfusion-induced tissue injury is a driving force of ischemic diseases such as MI and DVT. An important role for both leukocytes and platelets in the development of reperfusion injury has been described. We will evaluate how impaired Ca2+ signaling (CalDAG-GEFI, STIM1, Orai1) in platelets and/or neutrophils affects tissue damage in mouse models of reperfusion injury. |
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